In Côte d’Ivoire, civic space has long been governed by the 1960 law on associations. Deemed outdated and unsuited to current realities, this legislation has been repeatedly challenged by civil society actors. In response to their recommendations, the government has initiated a reform process aimed at modernising the legal framework for civil society organisations. However, despite the proposals put forward by civil society, the President of the Republic issued Order No. 368 of 12 June 2024 on the organisation of civil society without prior consultation.
This ordinance, adopted by the Ivorian parliament (the National Assembly and the Senate) despite protests and requests for amendments from civil society actors, further restricts civic space. It introduces significant constraints on the functioning of organisations, reducing their autonomy and freedom of action.
The period leading up to the October 2025 presidential election was marked by several worrying incidents. There were reports of political activists being kidnapped, particularly following comments made on social media. In addition, peaceful demonstrations were banned, notably on the basis of an interministerial decree and a prefectural decree issued by the prefect of the department of Abidjan.
In the same context, gatherings were dispersed by the security forces using tear gas, leading to the arrest and conviction of activists and demonstrators. These events reflect a climate of high political tension, fuelled by mistrust between political actors and persistent disputes over the electoral process.
In general, civic space in Côte d’Ivoire remains under pressure. It is characterised by increased surveillance of dissenting voices, the criminalisation of critical opinions and frequent recourse to administrative or police measures to restrict freedom of expression, assembly, demonstration and association.
