On 12th May, the Parliament of Zambia passed the Public Gatherings Bill 2026, paving the way for the repeal and replacement of the colonial-era Public Order Act of 1955 once the legislation receives presidential assent. The new law is expected to change how public meetings, protests, political rallies, and demonstrations are regulated in Zambia. This decision has raised serious concerns among civil society organizations (CSOs), opposition actors, and advocacy groups regarding its impact on civic space, freedom of assembly, and democratic participation, particularly in the context of the upcoming 2026 General Elections. The law introduces expanded state oversight and regulatory requirements for public gatherings, demonstrations, and assemblies.
Civil society organizations argue that several provisions in the proposed bill may impose disproportionate restrictions on citizens’ and organizations’ ability to organize peaceful assemblies, advocacy campaigns, protests, and voter mobilization activities. Concerns have particularly emerged regarding broad discretionary powers granted to law enforcement authorities to approve, limit, or prohibit public gatherings on grounds of public order and security. When enacted, the Public Gathering Act is likely to affect civil society organizations such as PAAGZ that rely on community engagement, civic mobilization, and creative public awareness initiatives to promote accountability and citizen participation. Restrictions on public assemblies may limit the ability of civic actors and creatives to use community campaigns, artistic expression, and youth engagement activities to raise awareness on governance and electoral issues, particularly during election periods. This may further contribute to concerns over shrinking civic space and reduced democratic participation.