Civic space in Eswatini remains highly restricted, with continued disruption of peaceful gatherings, targeting of students, activists and trade unionists, and prolonged detention of individuals under security-related charges. Legal and policy developments, particularly the proposed NPO Bill (2024), signal increasing state control over civil society operations and funding. Access to resources is becoming more constrained due to heightened financial scrutiny and declining donor confidence. State engagement with civil society remains limited and selective, while public discourse continues to delegitimise civic actors. Although digital platforms remain important for mobilisation, concerns around surveillance and cyber laws contribute to self-censorship. Overall, the environment remains restrictive, securitised, and uncertain.
