Although the inclusion of CSOs in the APRM review process is a positive development, challenges remain in ensuring meaningful participation. Similar events have highlighted issues such as inadequate communication, late invitations, and logistical barriers that can hinder CSOs from fully engaging in the dialogue. For instance, other countries have faced criticism for marginalising civil society voices in governance processes, indicating that while there is a commitment to collaboration, the execution often falls short. The Zimbabwe APRM review, therefore, serves as both a reflection of progress and a reminder of the ongoing need to address these challenges to ensure that civil society can contribute effectively to governance reform and regional integration efforts.

From mid-June 2024 to September 2024, Zimbabwean authorities had reportedly arrested over 160 individuals, including elected officials, opposition members, union leaders, students, and journalists, with numerous reports of torture and other ill-treatment. The crackdown commenced on 16 June 2024, when police detained 78 members of the Citizens Coalition for Change (CCC), including interim party leader Jameson Timba, during a gathering to commemorate the International Day of the African Child. The group was charged with “gathering with intent to promote public violence and disorderly conduct.” On 27 November 2024, Jameson Timba and 34 fellow activists were given wholly suspended sentences on the condition that they do not commit similar offences.

This situation reflects an ongoing pattern of suppressing the rights to freedom of assembly and association. The selective acquittal of some individuals while others remain in custody or are compelled to pay fines for the same alleged offences under similar circumstances reflects a deeply inconsistent delivery of justice. Such practices not only erode fundamental civil liberties but also entrench a climate of fear and repression, designed to deter citizens from challenging the status quo.